SURANA (Corm)
Surana consists of dried corm of Amorphophallus campanulatus (Roxb.) Blume. (Fam. Aracem); a stout, herbaceous plant, cultivated throughout the plains of the country.
SYNONYMS
Sansk. : Arsoghna, Kandala
Assam. : —
Beng. : Ole
Eng. : Elephant Foot
Guj. : Sooran
Hindi. : Suranakanda, Zamikanda
Kan. : Suranagadde
Kash. : —
Mal. : Chena, Kattuchena, Kattuchenai, Cena Karana
Mar. : Jungli Suran, Suran
Ori. : Olooakanda, Suran
Punj. : Gimikanda
Tam. : Karunai Kizhangu
Tel. : Mancai Kanda Durada Gadda
Urdu. : Zamin-qand, Zamikand
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Drug occurs as cut pieces of different shapes and sizes; external surface of cork blackish-brown, rough due to numerous scars and a few adventitious roots, internal portion creamish white; fracture, short; taste, acrid.
b) Microscopic
Corm shows a wide zone of cork consisting of 5-25 tangentially elongated, rectangular, thin-walled cells, a few inner layers containing rosette crystals of calcium oxalate, and plenty of simple and compound starch grains; ground tissue very wide consisting of thin-walled, parenchymatous cells; a few cells containing both rosette and acicular crystals of calcium oxalate; starch grains both simple and compound, spherical in shape consisting of 2-4 components, measuring 3-31 n in diameter; vascular bundles poorly developed, scattered in ground tissue; vessels arranged in groups of 2-3, having spiral thickenings; a few parenchyma cells of ground tissue containing yellowish cell contents.
Powder – Creamish-grey; shows abundant simple and compound starch grains, measuring 3-31 n in dia., fragments of cork cells, a few rosette and acicular crystals of calcium oxalate.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 8 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 3 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.6
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 9 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.7
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Benzene: Ethylacetate (9: 1) on exposure to Iodine vapour shows for four spots at Rf. 0.09, 0.66, 0.74 and 0.85 (all yellow). On spraying with 5% Methanolic-Phosphomolybdic acid and heating the plate at 105°C for ten minutes four spots appear at Rf. 0.09, 0.66, 0.74 and 0.85 (all grey).
CONSTITUENTS – Betulinic Acid, β-Sitosterol, Stigmasterol, Lupeol, Triacontane, Glucose, Galactose, Rhamnose and Xylose.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Katu, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu, Ruksa, Vasada
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Dipana, Kaphahara, Rucya, Visambhi, Vatakara Pittakara, Gudakilahrt, Raktapittakara, Dadrukara, Kusthakara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Suranavaloha, Surnavataka, Samudradya Curna
THERAPEUTIC USES – Arsa, Plihagulma, Svasa, Kasa, Asthila
DOSE – 2-10 g. of the drug in powder form.
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